Jargon Buster

Pane akati wandei emazwi ekurapa anogona kushandiswa nana chiremba nevakoti pakutaura nezveutano hwemwana wenyu.  Rondedzero iyi ine chinangwa chekutsanangura zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa.  

Kuti uwane izwi rauri kufarira, tinya pane tsamba yarinotanga naro:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V WXYZ

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A

Acidosis
Chiyero cheasidhi yakakwira zvisingaite muropa. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuti mapapu haasi kushanda zvakanaka, nekuda kwekushaikwa kweokisijeni inosvika kunhengo dzemuviri kana musanganiswa wezvose.

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Anemia

Hemoglobin shoma muropa (ona 'Haemoglobin').

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Apgar zvibodzwa
Nzira yakapfava yekuongorora hutano hwemwana achangozvarwa, nekuisa 'mapoinzi' ekurova kwemoyo, kufema, ruvara rweganda, matauriro nemaitiro emwana.

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Apnea
Kumbomira kwekanguva kufema.

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Apnea yeprematurity
Kana mwana amira kufema kwenguva yemasekonzi makumi maviri kana kupfuura. Inowanzoonekwa muvana vasati vasvika uye inokonzerwa nekusakura kwechikamu cheuropi chinodzora kufema. Kazhinji mwana anotanga kufema ega, asi pano neapo anoda kukurudzirwa nekuzunguza kunyoro. Pane dzimwe nguva caffeine inopihwa kubatsira kufema kwemwana. Vazhinji vacheche vanozokura kubva mukupnea kwe prematurity panguva yavanenge vava kumasvondo makumi matatu nematanhatu.

Apnea alarms kana monitors
Kana vacheche vari pamushini wekufema, hazvina basa kuti vakambomira kufema. Kana mhepo inofefetera yabviswa, chero kumbomira kunowedzera dambudziko. CPAP inogona kubatsira, asi vacheche vanogonawo kuiswa nemoniti inotarisa kuti vari kufema nguva dzose. Izvi zvinoridza alarm kana mwana ambomira kwenguva refu pakati pekufema kaviri. 'Apnoeic attack' inguva pfupi apo kufema kunokanganiswa. Zvikamu izvi zvinowanzoitika kakawanda.

Asphyxia
Oxygen shoma uye carbon dioxide yakawandisa muropa re "fetus" kana mwana. Nguva inonyanyozivikanwa yekuti asphyxia inoitika pakuzvarwa.

Aspirate
Iri izwi rinoshandiswa nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana muchikamu chevacheche. Vanachiremba uye vanamukoti vanogona kutaura nezve 'kutarisa aspirate' vasati vaisa chikafu chemukaka pasi nasogastric kana orogastric chubhu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti sirinji inonamirwa kumucheto kwechubhu yekudyisa kuti iwane zvishoma zvemukati medumbu remwana. Ichaongororwa nekushandisa pH bepa kana tsvimbo kuona kuti chubhu iri mudumbu uye yakachengeteka pakudyisa.

Imwe nzira yaunganzwe nayo izwi rekuti 'aspirate' ndeye apo chimwe chinhu chisiri mhepo (seg. meconium) chinopinzwa mumapapu emwana mwana asati anyatsosununguka. Izvi zvinodaidzwa kuti meconium aspiration, inogona kuve yakakomba, kunyangwe isingawanzo, mamiriro (ona 'Meconium' uye 'Meconium aspiration' kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo).

Audiology (kunzwa) bvunzo
Pane nzira mbiri huru dzekuongorora kunzwa kwemwana. Zvose zvinosanganisira kuisa maearphone munzeve dzemwana kuti aburitse kanoverengeka. Mhinduro dzemwana pakudzvanya dzinobva dzaongororwa.

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B

Bagging
Kuisa chifukidzo chakabatana nebhegi rinosvinwa kana kuti mudziyo wokumanikidza pamhino nemuromo wemwana kubatsira kufema.

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Bilirubin
Yellow pigment muropa inopa ruvara rweyero kuganda. Mwero yakakwirira inogona kuva nengozi.

Tsika dzeropa
Kana zvichifungidzirwa kuti mwana angave ane utachiona, ropa diki rinotorwa rowedzerwa kune imwe mvura yakakosha. Izvi zvinochengetwa zvichidziya, izvo zvinokurudzira mabhakitiriya kukura. Mhinduro dzinowanikwa mushure memaawa makumi mana nemasere. Kana zvichizivikanwa kuti mabhakitiriya api aripo, boka rekurapa rinogona kutarisa kuti mwana ari pamishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Magasi eropa
Iyi bvunzo yemurabhoritari yekutsvaga mwero weokisijeni nekabhoni dhaikisai magasi nemaasidhi muropa. Chinangwa ndechekuona kuti mapapu uye kutenderera kuri kushanda zvakanaka sei.

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Ropa gasi monitors
Muenzaniso weropa unotorwa, kana kubva mutsinga kana kubva pachitsitsinho chetsoka. Kuongorora magasi eropa chikamu chakakosha chekuchengeta mwana anorwara. Huwandu hwemagasi anoda kuongororwa hunoenderana nedambudziko rine mwana. Mamonitor anogona kushandiswa kutarisa kuti kufefetera kwakakodzera kuri kupihwa, pamwe nekuyera mazinga e sodium muropa.

Kumanikidzwa kweropa
Uku ndiko kudzvinyirirwa kunoitwa mutsinga dzemuviri nekupomba kwemoyo. Inowanzotariswa muvana vasina kunaka. Kana BP yakadzikira zvisingaite, mwana anogona kurapwa nemishonga yekuivandudza.

Kuwedzerwa ropa
Apa ndipo panowedzerwa ropa. Kuwedzerwa ropa kungadiwa kurapa anemia yakakomba (kushaikwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa), kana kuti mukati kana kuti pashure pokuvhiyiwa.

Bradycardia
Apa ndipo apo kurova kwemoyo kunombodzikira. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muvana vasati vasvika. Kazhinji chikamu cheapnea yeprematurity (ona pamusoro). Kazhinji, mwana anopora ari ega. Pano neapo, kukurudzira kupfava kunodiwa kuita kuti mwana apindure. Zvikamu izvi zvinomira mushure memavhiki makumi matatu nematanhatu ekuzvitakura.

Pombi yemazamu
Chidimbu chemidziyo iri zvese zvemanyorero uye yemagetsi, iyo inoshandiswa kutaridza mukaka waamai

Bronchi Pulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)
Ona 'Chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi'.

C

Candida
Chirwere chembiriso cheganda uye mucus membranes (muromo, kugaya kana maturakiti enhengo).

Cannula
Kachubhu kepurasitiki kadiki, kapfupi, kakapfava kanopinzwa mutsinga yemwana kuti ibudise mvura kana mishonga muropa pasina kuramba ichishandisa tsono. Iyo cannula ine mapapiro ayo anoshandiswa kuichengetedza panzvimbo uchishandisa tepi. Tsinga dzemumaoko nemakumbo dzinowanzoshandiswa, kunyange zvazvo pano neapo tsinga dziri mumusoro wemwana dzinofanira kushandiswa. Cannula inogona kugara kwemazuva akati wandei asi inogona zvakare kuchinjwa maawa mashoma.

Centile machati
Magirafu anoratidza mwero wakajairwa wezviyero zvemuviri pamazera akasiyana.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Fluid inogadzirwa mukati memakamuri ehuropi inoyerera ichidzika nekutenderedza musana. Kana kuyerera uku kuchidziviswa, nzira iyo iyo mvura inobviswa nayo haina kukanganisa uye kudzvinyirira kunokwira uye kunoparadzanisa makamuri mukati meuropi, zvichiita kuti hydrocephalus.

Chest drain
Chubhu yaipfuura nepamadziro echipfuva ichibvisa mweya waibuda mumapapu.

Chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi (CLD)
Iri idambudziko remapapu rinogona kunge rakavapo nekuti mwana anga ava nenguva yakareba ari pamushini wekufema. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mwana anoda oxygen yakawanda uye anogona kunetseka kufema, izvo zvinogona kutora nguva kuti zviite nani. Chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi chinonziwo bronchi pulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Nguva yenguva
Zera remwana kubva pazuva chairo rekuzvarwa.

Kutonhodza metiresi
Metiresi inotonhodza inoshandiswa kune imwe mamiriro apo uropi hunoda kutonhodzwa pasi kudzivirira kukuvara kwehuropi.

Zera rakagadziriswa
Zera remwana asati akwana raizove kana iye akazvarwa pazuva ravo rekuzvarwa.

CPAP (inopfuurira yakanaka airway pressure)
Nzira yekurapa inoshandiswa kubatsira kufema kwemwana uye kuderedza nhamba yeapnoeic attack. Uchishandisa muchina weCPAP, mapapu anowedzerwa nekuisa diki diki yekumanikidza kuburikidza nediki diki mukati memhino kana nekasiketi diki pamusoro pemhino. Mune zvimwe zviitiko mwana asati akwana anogona kunge ari uye akavhara CPAP kwemavhiki akawanda.

CT scanner
Iyi imhando yakakosha yemuchina weX-ray unotsanangurwa zvakanyanya kupfuura wenguva dzose X-ray. Inowanzoshandiswa kutarisa zvakadzama pane zvikamu zveuropi.

Cyanosis
Kudzikira mwero weokisijeni muropa izvo zvinoita kuti ganda, miromo uye zvipikiri zvioneke bluish.

D

Kuchengetwa kwebudiriro
Kuchengeta mwana kune chekuita nekuita kuti nharaunda yemwana ive isina kunetseka sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoitwa nenzira dzakawanda: kuderedza kuwanda kwechiedza uye ruzha runowanikwa mucheche; mune zvimwe zviitiko kuvhara incubator neshizha kana chivharo chakanyatsogadzirwa; kugadzira 'dendere' rekuyamwisa mwana, izvo zvinoita kuti anzwe akasununguka uye akachengeteka; kuderedza kukanganisa kumwana; kukwizwa kwevacheche; kubatanidzwa kwevabereki mukuchengeta mwana wavo pachikamu - semuenzaniso Kangaroo Care.

Donor Breast Milk (DBM)  

Mukaka unopiwa naamai kuti ushandiswe kana mwana achida mukaka waamai uye mugove waamai vake hausati wavapo

Dysmorphic
Iri izwi rinoshandiswa apo vana chiremba nevakoti vanoona zvimwe zvinhu mumwana zvingave zvisina kujairika. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvisinei, maficha anoshanduka kuve akajairika uye haana hanya. Kana pane dambudziko, bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzichaitwa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinogona kukumbirwa kutarisa mwana wako uye kupa maonero.

Drip
Kana zvinwiwa kana ropa zvichifambiswa mutsinga kana tsinga pachishandiswa tsono kana purasitiki chubhu.

E

ECG (electrocardiogram)
Girafu rinoratidza kushanda kwemagetsi pamoyo.

EEG (electroencephalogram)
Girafu rinoratidza kushanda kwemagetsi muuropi.

ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)
Muchina uyu unopa ropa oxygen kubva kunze kwemuviri. Inoshandiswa kana kurapwa neventilator kusina kushanda kune vacheche vane matambudziko emwoyo nemapapu.

Electrolytes
Zvinhu zvakakosha zviri mumuviri izvo, kana zvanyungudutswa, zvinoburitsa zvinogadzirisa zvinokwanisa kufambisa magetsi (semuenzaniso munyu wetafura, sodium chloride kana potassium chloride).

Endotracheal chubhu (ET Tube)
Chubhu yepurasitiki yakapfava inopinzwa nemumuromo kana mumhino kugomba remhepo (trachea), iro rinobva ranamirwa pamhepo inofefetera kubatsira kufema. Dzimwe nguva inonzi 'tracheal tube' nevanotindivadza.

Kuchinjanisa kuisirwa ropa
Kutsiva ropa remwana neropa kubva kune munhu mukuru anopa.

Mukaka wezamu wakaiswa (EBM)
Kubudisa mukaka wezamu zvinoreva kushandisa pombi, mawoko kana zvose zviri zviviri kuwana mukaka kubva mumazamu. Mukaka unogona kuchengetwa mufiriji kana kupiwa mwana zvakananga.

Kuberekwa kwakaderera zvakanyanya
Mwana akazvarwa ane huremu huri pasi pe1000g.

Extubate
Kubvisa endotracheal chubhu (ona pamusoro) kubva pamhepo.

F

Fontanelle
Mavara akapfava mumusoro wemwana anonyangarika nemwedzi gumi nemisere apo mapfupa anokura pamwe chete.

G

Gasi uye Gasi monitor
Ona 'Gasi reRopa' uye 'Ropa gasi rekutarisa'.

Gestational age
Huwandu hwemasvondo emwana ari mudumbu hunozivikanwa nekuti gestation. Temu mwana ndeuyo anozvarwa mushure memavhiki makumi matatu nemanomwe akazara ari mudumbu asi masvondo makumi mana nemaviri asati asvika. Kana akaberekwa asati asvika mavhiki makumi matatu nemanomwe, ipapo mwana asati asvika kana nguva isati yasvika. Kuti utarise zuva rinotarisirwa kusununguka (EDD) remwana wako, verenga kubva pazuva rekutanga rekutevera kwako uye wowedzera pamasvondo makumi mana.

Glucose monitor
Uyu muchina unogona kuyera huwandu hweglucose (shuga) muropa.

Kugunun'una
Ruzha rwaiitwa nekamwana kanenge kachitadza kufema.

H

Hemoglobin
Inotakura oxygen kutenderera nemuviri. Inowanikwa mumasero matsvuku eropa.

Musoro bhokisi
Bhokisi repurasitiki rinoiswa pamusoro pemusoro wemwana kuti rikwanise kudzora kuendeswa kweokisijeni kwakaringana.

Musoro wedenderedzwa
Kuyera kureba kwechinhambwe chakapoteredza musoro wemwana.

Heat shield
Pachena plastiki shell yakaiswa pamusoro pemwana kudzivirira kurasikirwa nekupisa.

High frequency oscillatory ventilation
Imwe mhando yakasiyana yemhepo inofefetera inogona kushandiswa inonzi 'high frequency oscillator'. Nepo nezvinofemesa zvakawanda unogona kuona chipfuva chemwana chichikwira nekudonha pamwero wekufema wakagadzwa, maoscillator anoshandisa kukurumidza kukuru kwe600-1200 paminiti, saka chipfuva chemwana chinodedera. Izvi zvingaita sezvinotyisa, asi rudzi urwu rwekufefetera runoshanda zvakanyanya kune mamwe mamiriro emapapu anogona kuwanikwa nevana.

Humidity
Kuti vana vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana varasikirwe nemvura yakawandisa kuburikidza neganda ravo, vanowanzoyamwiswa mumaincubator anodziya, anonyoroveswa. Humidity (mvura) inowedzerwawo kumagasi ayo mwana anofema nemumhepo inofefetera.

Hyaline membrane chirwere (HMD)
Dambudziko rekufema iro mapapu anowanzodonha pane kugara akazadzwa nemhepo. Izvi zvinozivikanwawo serespiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Hydrocephalus
Kana yakawandisa 'cerebrospinal' fluid inoungana mukati memakamuri europi. Kuwedzera kudzvinyirira mukati meuropi kunogona kukonzera kukurumidza kuwedzera kwehukuru hwemusoro.

Hypocalcemia
A yakaderera pane yakajairika mwero weropa calcium.

Hypoglycemia
Abnormally low blood glucose level.

Hypothermia
Kana tembiricha yemuviri yadzikira pasi pe35.5°C (95°F).

Hypoxia
Huwandu hweokisijeni hwakaderera zvakanyanya mumatishu emuviri.

I

Incubator
Incubator mubhedha unodziya wakavharwa nebhokisi repurasitiki rakajeka rinoita kuti mwana agare achidziya asina hembe kuitira kuti atariswe zvakanyanya. Okisijeni yakawedzerwa inogona kuiswa muincubator kana ichidiwa. Iwo mazinga eokisijeni anogona kudzorwa zvakanyanya uye kutariswa.

Incubator cover
Ichi chivharo chakakosha chinogadzirwa kuti chikwane pamusoro peincubator kudzivirira mwana kubva kuchiedza uye ruzha.

Infusion pombi
Pombi inopinza yakaita sejekiseni inopa zvinwiwa, mushonga kana kudya kunovaka muviri zvakananga muropa. Izvi zvinogona kupiwa munguva yakatarwa.

Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV)
Apa ndipo apo mucheche anenge achibatsirwa kufema nemhepo inofefetera, asi achingokwanisa kutora mweya wake wega.

Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV)
Nzira yekubatsira kufema nemakanika.

Intra-Ventricular Haemorrhage (IVH)
Iri idambudziko rinobata vana vanenge vazvarwa nguva isati yakwana apo panobuda ropa mutsinga dzeuropi. IVH inogona kunge yakakomba asi kazhinji haikonzeri matambudziko enguva refu. IVHs akaiswa grade 1-4, zvichienderana nehukuru hwawo, uye anoonekwa pane ultrasound scan. Kubuda ropa muGrade 1 kunowanzoitika muvana vasati vabva zera uye hakuna mhedzisiro yenguva refu. Kubuda ropa muGiredhi 4 (kunyanya kuoma) kunosanganisira kubuda ropa muuropi chaimo uye kunogona kuva nemigumisiro pakukura kwemwana mune ramangwana.

Intravenous (IV) mitsetse
IV mitsetse ndiyo machubhu akanaka anombopinzwa mutsinga yeropa - kazhinji muruoko, tsoka, ruoko kana gumbo - kuitira kupa mvura kana mushonga zvakananga.

Intravenous (IV) chikafu
Nzira yekupa zvese zvinovaka muviri zvakanyanya muropa nekushandisa mutsara wepakati kana kuburikidza nechubhu yepurasitiki kupinda mutsinga yeperipheral.

J

Jaundice
Yellow yeganda/vachena vemaziso zvichikonzerwa nekukwira kwe bilirubin muropa. Inowanikwa zvikuru muvacheche uye inokonzerwa nokuparara kwemasero matsvuku emwana. Zvisinei, mazinga akakwirira anogona kuva nengozi uye phototherapy (inopenya chiedza chebhuruu paganda remwana) inogona kudiwa.

Jejunal kudya
Kusuma mukaka, uchishandisa yakakosha nyoro chubhu, yakananga mujejunum (chikamu chemukati mudumbu).

L

Mutsara wakareba
Uyu ndiwo mutsara unopfuudzwa mutsinga yeruoko, gumbo kana ganda remusoro, nemagumo emutsara akarara pedyo nemoyo. Mitsetse iyi inoshandiswa kupa mwana kudya kwakananga mutsinga apo kutanga kwekudya kwemukaka kunofanirwa kunonoka.

Kudzikira Kurema Kwekuzvarwa (LBW)
Vana vacheche vanonzi vane huremu hwakaderera kana vari pasi pe2500g, huremu hwekuzvarwa hwakadzikira (VLBW) kana vari pasi pe1500g uye huremu hwekuzvarwa hwakadzikira kana vari pasi pe1000g.

Lumbar Puncture (LP) kana Lumbar tap
Kana pane humbowo hwehutachiona hwakanyanya, vanachiremba vangada kutora sampuli yemvura yakatenderedza musana. Mvura iyi inoyerera ichidzika kubva muuropi, saka kuiongorora kunofanira kuratidza kana hutachiona huripo muchikamu ichi chakakosha chetsinga. Katsono kadiki kanoshandiswa, uye chiremba anopinza iyi pakati pemapfupa maviri ari pasi kumusana wemwana. Nepo tsinga dzakawanda dzakakosha dzichimhanya nemumusana, hadzizokanganiswe nekuti tsinga idzi dzakakwirisa kupfuura nhanho inoiswa tsono iyi. Mushonga wekutindivadza munharaunda unowanzoshandiswa kuderedza kusagadzikana kupi zvako kumwana.

M

Meconium
Zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvakasvibirira zvinoungana mudumbu remwana asati aberekwa. Kazhinji inotanga kupfuudzwa sekufamba ura mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekuzvarwa.

Meconium aspiration
Mucheche anonetseka asati asununguka angapfuura meconium (yakasvibirira yarondedzerwa pamusoro apa) paanenge achiri mudumbu. Kana mwana akafema mvura yaanenge 'ayangarara', chinhu chinonamira chinovhara zvishoma nzira yekufema, zvichikonzera kutadza kufema panguva inozvarwa mwana.

Morphine
Mushonga uyu unoshandiswa kuderedza kusagadzikana uye kushungurudzika izvo vana vangangosangana nazvo kubva kune mamwe marapirwo anodiwa ari kupihwa. Inogona kuderedza kufema kwavo pachavo, uye saka kazhinji kunoderedzwa kana kumiswa apo mwana anobviswa muchina unofambisa mhepo. Kana mucheche achiida kwenguva yakareba, anogona kuita jittery painomiswa, nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekubvisa zvinodhaka.

MRI inoongorora
Huwandu huri kuwedzera hwevacheche vanowana mukana weMRI scanner. Izvi zvinogona kupa mifananidzo inobatsira zvikuru yakagadzirwa nekombiyuta yenhengo dziri mukati memwana pasina kumukuvadza. Kana mwana wako ane MRI scan, anoiswa muincubator chaiyo inomuchengetedza uye achidziya ari mukati me scanner. Mifananidzo yeMRI inobatsira zvakanyanya pakuongorora huwandu hwekukuvara kwehuropi uye kupa ruzivo runobatsira munzira iyo uropi huri kukura. Muzvipatara zvizhinji, chikwata cheMRI chinhambwe kubva pamwana achangoberekwa, saka mwana angada kunge ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akagadzikana kuti ongororo iyi igoneke.

N

Nasal cannula
Diki chubhu inoshandiswa kupa mwana oxygen.

Nasogastric feeds (NG feeds)
Kudyisa uchishandisa chubhu yakapfava, yakapfava (nasogastric chubhu) yakapfuura nemumhino kana mukanwa mudumbu.

Nasogastric tube
Iri ichubhu refu, nhete, yepurasitiki yakapfava inopfuudzwa nemhino yemwana mudumbu make. Chubhu iyi inoshandiswa kupa mukaka kumwana kusvika asimba zvekutora mukaka pazamu kana mubhodhoro. Dzimwe nguva chubhu inopfuudzwa nemumuromo uye mudumbu.

Neonate
Mavhiki mana ekutanga ehupenyu hwemwana (kusvika kumazuva makumi maviri nemasere).

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)
Izvi zvinoitika kana chikamu chemadziro emukati chakazvimba kana kupisa nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kwetambo. Inowanzobatanidzwa kune imwe nguva iyo ropa rinoyerera kumadziro emadziro rakaderedzwa. Dumbu rinogona kuzvimba, uye ropa rinopfuura nemuura. Mhepo inopinda mumadziro egumbo rekudya. Dzimwe nguva, kunyangwe kashoma, gomba racho rinogona kuita kuputika mumadziro emukati uye inoda kuvhiyiwa.

NICU
Neonatal intensive care unit.

Nitric oxide
Izvi zvinowanzogadzirwa mumuviri kuzorodza tsinga uye nekudaro zvinovandudza kuyerera kweropa kunzvimbo dzese dzemuviri. Kana tsinga dzeropa kumapapu dzichiramba dzakatetepa, nitric oxide dzimwe nguva inopiwa mumhepo inofemerwa uye okisijeni kuti iite kuti isununguke uye inobvumira kuyerera kweropa kumapapu.

NNU
Neonatal unit.

O

Edema
Kuzvimba kunokonzerwa nemvura yakawandisa mumatissue ari pasi peganda.

Vhura mibhedha
Kana mwana achinge akwanisa kugadzirisa tembiricha yemuviri wake pachake, anogona kutamiswa kubva muincubator kuenda mumubhedha wakashama (mubhedha usina denga).

Orogastric chubhu (OGT)

Kachubhu kakanaka kaipfuura nemumuromo uye mudumbu. Unoshandiswa kupa mukaka kumwana.

Oscillator
High frequency oscillator mudziyo wekufema (ventilator) unounza kufema nekukurumidza zvakanyanya mumapapu emwana. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kuwanda kwekukuvadzwa kwemapapu emucheche asina kusimba kana zvichienzaniswa neinofefetera yakajairika.

Oxygen saturation
Izvi zvinopimwa nekuona kupenya kweropa parinofamba nemuruoko kana mutsoka yemwana. Kudonha muropa remucheche mwero weokisijeni kunogona kungoerekana yaonekwa sechikamu che'desaturation' (desaturation) uye alarm inozivisa mukoti wemwana pazvinoitika. Kana mwana ari kufamba-famba zvakanyanya, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kuyerwa kweokisijeni uye kukonzeresa kuderera kwekuyera / kuzara kwemazinga.

P

Kudya kwevabereki
Iyi ndiyo nzira yekupihwa chikafu chakananga muropa. Iyo inowanzonzi TPN kana yakazara parenteral nutrition. Mishonga ine shuga, mapuroteni, mafuta uye mavitamini - zvose zvinodiwa nemwana kukura. Parenteral feeding solutions inowanzopiwa kuburikidza nepakati mutsara, unozivikanwawo semutsara wakareba.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Dambudziko rinowanzoitika kune vacheche vasati vabva zera nderekuti hukama hudiki pakati pemidziyo inopa mapapu neropa uye midziyo inopa ropa kumuviri inoramba yakavhurika. Vanachiremba vanodana iyi patent ductus arteriosus

PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure)
Dzvinyiriro inoshandiswa panguva yekufema kunze. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira mapapu kuti asadonha mwana ari pamhepo inofefetera.

Kufema nguva nenguva
Kana kumbomira kwemasekonzi gumi panoitika mukufema kwemwana.

Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)
Kana mativi ehuropi huri kukura akanyimwa oxygen uye kuyerera kweropa kwenguva yakarebesa, masero europi anogona kufa otsiviwa nema cysts emvura. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa muma ultrasound scans europi hwemwana. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakabatwa, PVL inogona kuratidza matambudziko ebudiriro mune ramangwana.

Kuramba kutenderera kwe fetal
Asati aberekwa, tsinga dzeropa dzemapapu dzakamanikana. Kana mitsipa yeropa isingasununguki mushure mekuberekwa, kuyerera kweropa kumapapu kunoderedzwa. Okisijeni, uye dzimwe nguva mishonga, inopiwa kuzarura midziyo yakamanikana.

pH
Izvi ndezve acidity (yakaderera kukosha) kana alkalinity (yakakwira kukosha) yeropa. Kukosha kuri pedyo ne7.4 kwakajairika kune arterial blood.

Phototherapy
Kushandisa chiedza chebhuruu (kwete ultraviolet) kuderedza chiyero chebilirubin (onawo 'Jaundice').

Physiotherapy
Maekisesaizi akakosha ekuvandudza kana kubvisa matambudziko emuviri.

Pneumothorax
Kana paine mweya pakati pemapapu nemadziro echipfuva kana bapu rabuda mweya.

Posset
Apo mwana anopfira zvishoma mukaka mushure mekudya.

Pre-eclampsia
Izvi zvinoitika mune imwechete panhumbu gumi nevana uye zvinokonzeresa chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevose vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana. Inogona kuva nengozi, kunyanya kana ikakura nokukurumidza. Zviratidzo zvikuru ndezvokutemwa nemusoro uye makumbo akazvimba, izvo zvinosanganiswa neBP. Kunyange zvazvo kuzorora pamubhedha kuchigona kubatsira, nzira chete yekumisa pre-eclampsia kukurumidza kusununguka mwana.

Preterm baby
Mwana anozvarwa asati asvika mavhiki makumi matatu nemanomwe ari mudumbu nguva isati yakwana.

Pulse oximeter
Iyo inozivikanwawo senge saturation monitor. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kutarisa kuwanda kweokisijeni muropa remwana. Inonzwika zvakanyanya uye kazhinji inorira alarm kunyangwe mwana angave akanaka. Inoshanda nekupenya chiedza chitsvuku kuburikidza neruoko kana netsoka. Kubva pahuwandu hwechiedza chakabatwa, mazinga eokisijeni anogona kugadzwa.

R

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
RDS idambudziko rekufema iro vana vasati vabva zera vanogona kutanga. Zvinoitika nekuda kwekushaikwa kwe surfactant mumapapu. Mwana anoita seari kufema nekukasika (tachypnoea) uye chipfuva chinenge chichiyamwiwa kana mwana achifema. Oxygen inowanzodiwa uye mwana angada rubatsiro pakufema (achishandisa mhepo uye CPAP). RDS dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa se'hyaline membrane chirwere'.

Resuscitate
Uku kumutsiridza kubva murufu kana kufenda nekupa nzira dzerubatsiro rwekutanga.

Retinopathy yeprematurity (ROP)
Kukuvadza kune retina nzvimbo yeziso iyo inonzwa kune chiedza. Inowanzobatanidzwa nehuwandu hweokisijeni muropa inosvika ku retina uye inowanikwa muvana vasati vasvika (pasi pemavhiki makumi maviri nemasere). Ava vacheche vanogara vachiongororwa retinopathy yeprematurity.

RSV (kufema syncytial virus)
Utachiona uhu hunokonzera zviratidzo zvekutonhora uye hunokanganisa chikamu chikuru chevacheche vese. RSV inogona kukonzera matambudziko ekufema kana mapapu akabatwa. Kana mwana wako akaberekwa nguva isati yakwana, anowanzoita zvirwere zvemapapu kana kuti akazvarwa ane dambudziko remwoyo wekuzvarwa, angave ari pangozi yakakura yekurwara zvakanyanya kana akatapukirwa neRSV. Vana vari panjodzi huru vanogona kubaiwa majekiseni senzira yekudzivirira.

S

Saturation monitor
Ona 'Pulse oximeter'.

Scans
Muchina wekuongorora unoshandiswa wakafanana neunoshandiswa kuvheneka vanaamai panguva yekuzvitakura. Iyo yakanyanya scan ndeye musoro. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuferefeta diki pane fontanelle (nzvimbo yakapfava iri pamusoro pemusoro webeche). Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvekuita scans, asi kazhinji inenge iri yekutarisa mwana asati azvarwa, sezvo vari panjodzi yekubuda ropa muuropi. Dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dzinogona kuda kuvhenekwa kazhinji idumbu kana moyo. Kuongororwa kwemoyo kunowanzonzi echocardiograph, kupfupikiswa kuita 'echo'.

SCBU
Special care baby unit.

Diki kune gestational age (SGA)
Mwana ane huremu hwekuzvarwa hwakaderera pane hwe90% yevacheche vezera rimwe chete rekuzvitakura.

Kurara kudzidza
Iyi bvunzo inoitwa pavacheche vave nenguva yakareba vari paokisijeni uye inowanzoitwa nguva pfupi mwana asati aenda kumba. Muedzo unoratidza kuti mwana anogona kuchengeta mwero wake weokisijeni munzvimbo yakachengeteka. Kana mwana achienda kumba neokisijeni, ipapo muedzo unoshandiswa kuisa huwandu hweokisijeni iyo mwana achada. Kazhinji chidzidzo chehope chichaitika kwenhambo yemaawa gumi nemaviri uye chinofanira kusanganisira nguva iyo mwana anenge ari muhope akanyarara, sezvo ino iri nguva iyo mwero weokisijeni womuviri uri wakaderera.

Steroids
Steroids (kana kuti corticosteriods) inopiwa kuna amai vasati vaberekwa apo kusununguka kunoratidzika kunge kunowanzoitika. Mushonga unoyambuka rukuvhute woita kuti mapapu emwana akure pakufema. Muvacheche vane chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi, zvingave zvakaoma kuti mucheche abude kubva pamagetsi ekutsigira kufema. Mishonga yakaderera ye steroid inogona kupihwa kuderedza chero kuzvimba mumapapu. Kudzokororwa kosi yesteroids iko zvino kunowanzo dziviswa nekuti pane kunetsekana kuti vanogona kunge vari kupa kune mamwe ematambudziko ekukura anoitika gare gare mune mamwe ehupenyu hwevacheche ava.

Surfactant
Musanganiswa wemakemikari anoita kuti mapapu asadonha kana mwana achifema. Kugadzirwa kwe surfactant mumapapu kunotanga pamasvondo makumi maviri nemana asi inenge isati yanyatsogadzirwa mavhiki makumi matatu nematanhatu ekuberekwa asati asvika. Izvi zvinogona kuva chikonzero chekufema distress syndrome (RDS - ona pamusoro). Replacement surfactant inogona kupihwa semvura mumapapu emwana asati azvarwa.

Mutyairi wesyringe
Mutyairi wejekiseni anoshandiswa kupa zvishoma nezvishoma uye nekuramba achipa zvinwiwa zvidiki (ane kana pasina mushonga) kuvarwere.

T

Tachycardia
Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza.

Tachypnoea
Kukurumidza kufema.

Kupisa kweganda probe
Ichi kamudziyo kadiki kanoiswa paganda kuyeresa tembiricha yemwana.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Ona 'Parenteral Nutrition'.

Transcutaneous monitors
Ichi chishandiso chekutarisa chinoiswa paganda kuti chiyere mazinga eokisijeni muropa.

Transport incubators
Iyi incubator yakasarudzika inoshandiswa kana mwana achida kuendeswa kune chimwe chipatara.

Tube feeding
Kudyiswa kwechubhu inguva apo mwana anodyiswa nekachubhu kadiki kadiki kanobuda mumhino kana mukanwa kakananga mudumbu. Inonyanya kushandiswa kana mucheche achirwara zvakanyanya uye asingakwanisi kudyisa zvakangoita.

U

Ultrasound scan
Ona 'Scan' pamusoro.

Umbilical catheter
Ipurasitiki chubhu inopinzwa nepakati peiviri tsinga dzeguvhu. Inoshandiswa kutora ropa rinozoongororwa. Mamwe makateta ane mudziyo unokosha unotarisisa huwandu hweokisijeni inenge iri muropa.

V

Ventilation
Ventilation itsigiro yemagetsi nekufema, kuitira kuti mucheche ave neyakajairwa mwero weokisijeni uye kabhoni dhaidhi muropa rake kana asingakwanisi kuzviitira iye pachake.

Uremu hwakaderera kwazvo (VLBW)
Mwana akazvarwa ari pasi pe1500g.

Vil signs monitor
Ichi chitarisiko chinoyera zviratidzo zvakakosha, senge BP, kurova kwemoyo uye mazinga ekuzara kweokisijeni.

Vitamin K
A vhitamini inowanzoitika-yakakosha pakugwamba kweropa. Vana vachangozvarwa vanowanzoshaya vhitamini K yakakwana saka vanopihwa kuti vasaite tsika yekubuda ropa.